What is the difference between a 'right-to-work' state and a 'union shop' state?

The distinction between a 'right-to-work' state and a 'union shop' state centers on the rights of workers regarding union membership and employment. In a right-to-work state, individuals cannot be compelled to join a union as a condition for employment. This means that even if a workplace is unionized, employees have the right to decide whether they want to join the union or remain non-union members without facing penalties or losing their jobs.

This laws are designed to provide workers with freedom of choice concerning union participation, promoting an environment where union membership is voluntary. In contrast, a union shop state permits a unionized workplace where new employees may be required to join the union after being hired.

Understanding this difference clarifies the nature of labor relations in various states, highlighting the rights and freedoms workers have in relation to unions.